In the bipolar arrangement, the motor can be wired in parallel or in series. The mechanism is a little more complex, however, making the electronics more elaborate and sometimes more expensive. Bipolar motors generate greater torque than unipolar arrangements. The electronics in the driver/controller alternately reverse the current in each phase to drive the rotor. Unipolar motors are best used in low speed applications.īipolar drives are designed for bipolar motors, which are motors with four leads. Unipolar motor drive mode is simpler to operate and lower cost, but generates about 30% less torque than an equivalent bipolar motor, as only half the windings are used at any given time. Because of the winding configuration, this switching reverses the magnetic fields in the motor. Instead of reversing the current in each phase, the drive simply switches the current from one coil to the other in each phase. Unipolar drives are designed for unipolar motors, which are motors with 6 leads (center-tapped coils). High torque at low speed, low torque at high speedįlatter torque-speed profile, higher torque at high speed Low cost, robust, simple, best at low speeds Stepper motor drives can be classified based on the arrangement they are designed for. In two-phase stepper motors, there are two basic winding arrangements.
Distinguishing between the different types is important for determining what driver is best suited for the application. The type of driver has a large influence on the stepper motor system's overall performance, specifically its torque, output power, and speed. Stepper motor drives are primarily distinguished by three individual properties: motor winding arrangement, drive circuitry, and step mode. These electronics include a logic sequencer, switching components, and a clock pulse source to determine the step rate. While some basic drive units only supply power, many commercially available drives also incorporate controller electronics into a complete package. Stepper motor drives are devices used to power and control stepper motors.
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